Cancers of the kidney, bladder, renal pelvis, penis, testicles, and urethra.

Infection in the urinary system, including kidneys, bladder, or urethra.

Sudden, frequent urge to urinate due to bladder dysfunction.

Hard deposits of minerals and salts forming in the kidneys.

Scarring narrows or blocks the urethra, affecting urine flow.

Conditions affecting the prostate gland, part of the male reproductive system.